Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade
Апстракт
The paper explores the transformation of housing regulations and policies related to the changes in Serbia's historical and post-socialist context and its effects on the urban development of the Belgrade Metropolitan Area (BMA). The socialist concept of the welfare state was transformed in a very short time into a neoliberal economic concept, with deregulation of the housing legislation, especially by mass privatization of social (public) housing stocks. In the post-socialist era, four main types of housing policies have been identified: 1) fast and total privatisation of state-owned dwellings; 2) vast illegal housing construction; 3) dynamic growth of commercial housing, and 4) slow and limited growth of a new social housing policy. The changes to the housing laws during the transitional period include major negative implications of housing policies on the urban development policy of the BMA, and are as follows: 1) the privatisation of 266,500 state-owned dwellings for a pittance, res...ulting in only 1.5% of public-owned dwellings in Serbia (2.18% in the BMA); 2) vast illegal housing (1.4 million of totally 4.6 million buildings in Serbia; 0.2 million only in the BMA); 3) inefficient new social housing policy with a symbolic number of new residential units, and 4) extremely inefficient urban land use as a consequence of ineffective residential, urban and other policies (in the BMA, urban land consumption increased to 670 m2/p.c. in 2012, showing extremely inefficient urban land-use compared to the European level). These findings demonstrate a highly unsuitable post-socialist mode of housing policy transformation (by changing the previous laws according to a strong neoliberal course) and also show the patterns of short-term policies (i.e. privatisation) with marginal financial effects, very limited success of new social housing, and socially unsustainable illegal housing and urban policies.
Кључне речи:
post-socialist transformation / housing laws / housing policy / housing privatisation / illegal construction / Belgrade metropolitan areaИзвор:
Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1, 2016, 41-64Издавач:
- Den Haag : Eleven International Publishing - Boom Uitgevers Den Haag
Финансирање / пројекти:
- Улога и имплементација државног просторног плана и регионалних развојних докумената у обнови стратешког истраживања, мишљења и управљања у Србији (RS-MESTD-Integrated and Interdisciplinary Research (IIR or III)-47014)
- Transitioning towards Urban Resilience and Sustainability (EU-FP7-282834)
- Support to Process of Urban Development in Serbia (SPUDS) (SCOPES programme, no. 160503)
Напомена:
- Rad je deo i bilateralnog naučnog projekta "Support to Process of Urban Development in Serbia" (SPUDS), no. 160503 http://p3.snf.ch/Project-160503, 2015-2018, u okviru SCOPES programa uz finansijsku podršku Swiss National Science Foundation.
Група
RAUmPlanTY - CHAP AU - Zeković, Slavka AU - Maričić, Tamara AU - Cvetinović, Marija PY - 2016 UR - https://raumplan.iaus.ac.rs/handle/123456789/409 AB - The paper explores the transformation of housing regulations and policies related to the changes in Serbia's historical and post-socialist context and its effects on the urban development of the Belgrade Metropolitan Area (BMA). The socialist concept of the welfare state was transformed in a very short time into a neoliberal economic concept, with deregulation of the housing legislation, especially by mass privatization of social (public) housing stocks. In the post-socialist era, four main types of housing policies have been identified: 1) fast and total privatisation of state-owned dwellings; 2) vast illegal housing construction; 3) dynamic growth of commercial housing, and 4) slow and limited growth of a new social housing policy. The changes to the housing laws during the transitional period include major negative implications of housing policies on the urban development policy of the BMA, and are as follows: 1) the privatisation of 266,500 state-owned dwellings for a pittance, resulting in only 1.5% of public-owned dwellings in Serbia (2.18% in the BMA); 2) vast illegal housing (1.4 million of totally 4.6 million buildings in Serbia; 0.2 million only in the BMA); 3) inefficient new social housing policy with a symbolic number of new residential units, and 4) extremely inefficient urban land use as a consequence of ineffective residential, urban and other policies (in the BMA, urban land consumption increased to 670 m2/p.c. in 2012, showing extremely inefficient urban land-use compared to the European level). These findings demonstrate a highly unsuitable post-socialist mode of housing policy transformation (by changing the previous laws according to a strong neoliberal course) and also show the patterns of short-term policies (i.e. privatisation) with marginal financial effects, very limited success of new social housing, and socially unsustainable illegal housing and urban policies. PB - Den Haag : Eleven International Publishing - Boom Uitgevers Den Haag T2 - Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1 T1 - Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade SP - 41 EP - 64 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_raumplan_409 ER -
@inbook{ author = "Zeković, Slavka and Maričić, Tamara and Cvetinović, Marija", year = "2016", abstract = "The paper explores the transformation of housing regulations and policies related to the changes in Serbia's historical and post-socialist context and its effects on the urban development of the Belgrade Metropolitan Area (BMA). The socialist concept of the welfare state was transformed in a very short time into a neoliberal economic concept, with deregulation of the housing legislation, especially by mass privatization of social (public) housing stocks. In the post-socialist era, four main types of housing policies have been identified: 1) fast and total privatisation of state-owned dwellings; 2) vast illegal housing construction; 3) dynamic growth of commercial housing, and 4) slow and limited growth of a new social housing policy. The changes to the housing laws during the transitional period include major negative implications of housing policies on the urban development policy of the BMA, and are as follows: 1) the privatisation of 266,500 state-owned dwellings for a pittance, resulting in only 1.5% of public-owned dwellings in Serbia (2.18% in the BMA); 2) vast illegal housing (1.4 million of totally 4.6 million buildings in Serbia; 0.2 million only in the BMA); 3) inefficient new social housing policy with a symbolic number of new residential units, and 4) extremely inefficient urban land use as a consequence of ineffective residential, urban and other policies (in the BMA, urban land consumption increased to 670 m2/p.c. in 2012, showing extremely inefficient urban land-use compared to the European level). These findings demonstrate a highly unsuitable post-socialist mode of housing policy transformation (by changing the previous laws according to a strong neoliberal course) and also show the patterns of short-term policies (i.e. privatisation) with marginal financial effects, very limited success of new social housing, and socially unsustainable illegal housing and urban policies.", publisher = "Den Haag : Eleven International Publishing - Boom Uitgevers Den Haag", journal = "Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1", booktitle = "Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade", pages = "41-64", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_raumplan_409" }
Zeković, S., Maričić, T.,& Cvetinović, M.. (2016). Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade. in Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1 Den Haag : Eleven International Publishing - Boom Uitgevers Den Haag., 41-64. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_raumplan_409
Zeković S, Maričić T, Cvetinović M. Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade. in Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1. 2016;:41-64. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_raumplan_409 .
Zeković, Slavka, Maričić, Tamara, Cvetinović, Marija, "Transformation of Housing Policy in a Post Socialist City: The Example of Belgrade" in Regulating the City: Contemporary Urban Housing Law. Volumen 1 (2016):41-64, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_raumplan_409 .