Model razvoja kulturno-istorijskog kompleksa Brankovina sa predlogom mera zaštite od klimatskih promena

Abstract

Kulturno nasleđe ima važnu ulogu u promovisanju lokalne kulture i tradicije i njegova zaštita predstavlja jedan od osnovnih kriterijuma pri planiranju daljeg razvoja područja. U tom kontekstu, kulturno nasleđe postaje ključni pokretač razvoja, turistički atraktor, koji utiče na ekonomsko i socijalno poboljšanje nekog područja, uz istovremenu brigu o ekološkoj zaštiti okruženja. Usaglašavanje dva pravca ‒ zaštite i razvoja ‒ predstavlja osnovu planiranja prilikom daljeg oblikovanja karaktera mesta istaknutih predela i ambijenata. Zaštita kulturnog predela Brankovine, kao jednog od najznačajnijih kulturno-istorijskih spomen-kompleksa na teritoriji Srbije, podrazumeva integralnu zaštitu svih objekata sa okruženjem. Nedovoljno razvijena svest o značaju kulturnog nasleđa Brankovine kao pokretača razvoja ogleda se u izostanku planskih dokumenta i jasno definisanih programa i mera kojima bi se osigurali uslovi za dalji razvoj i zaštitu, što predstavlja stalnu pretnju opstanku ovog značajnog nasleđa. Sa porastom svesti o klimatskim promenama i njihovim vidljivim posledicama, primena mera zaštite je veoma značajna, pogotovo kod kulturnog nasleđa, zbog složenosti zaštite istorijskog kompleksa i posebnih ambijentalnih kvaliteta. Plan generalne regulacije za deo naseljenog mesta Brankovina usvojen 2015. godine, pored programa razvoja ovog područja i planiranja novih sadržaja primerenih značaju prostora, posebnu pažnju je posvetio problemu ugroženosti od posledica klimatskih promena.

Cultural heritage plays an important role in promoting the local culture, while the tradition and its protection are among the main criteria in planning further development of an area. In this context, cultural heritage becomes a key driver of development as tourism attractor, affecting the economic and social enhancement of the area and at the same time playing an important role in the environmental protection. Harmonizing and putting together the two directions – the protection and development, provides a basis for building a unique character of these areas. The protection of the cultural landscape of Brankovina, one of the most important cultural-historical memorial complexes in the territory of Serbia, requires an integrated and comprehensive protection of all its structures along with the environmental protection. Insufficiently developed awareness of the importance of the cultural heritage of Brankovina as a driver of development is reflected in the deficiency of the relevant planning documents, clearly defined programs and measures that are needed for its further development and protection. With an increase of awareness about climate change and its visible consequences, the development and implementation of these protection measures become even more important, especially in the cultural heritage, due to the complexity of interventions related to the protection of the historical complex and due to specific environmental quality. The General Regulation Plan for the Inhabited Part of Brankovina was adopted in 2015. In addition to the general development program for the area and planning of a new development in accordance with the area-specific features, a special attention was also given to the potential threats and vulnerability to the effects of climate change.